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Diabetes

Diabetes.jpg

Diabetes is a chronic (long-lasting) health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy.

Most of the food you eat is broken down into sugar (also called glucose) and released into your bloodstream. When your blood sugar goes up, it signals your pancreas to release insulin. Insulin acts like a key to let the blood sugar into your body’s cells for use as energy.

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If you have diabetes, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use the insulin it makes as well as it should. When there isn’t enough insulin or cells stop responding to insulin, too much blood sugar stays in your bloodstream. Over time, that can cause serious health problems, such as heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease.
 

There isn’t a cure yet for diabetes, but losing weight, eating healthy food, and being active can really help. Taking medicine as needed, getting diabetes self-management education and support, and keeping health care appointments can also reduce the impact of diabetes on your life.

Types of Diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is thought to be caused by an autoimmune reaction (the body attacks itself by mistake) that stops your body from making insulin. Approximately 5-10% of the people who have diabetes have type 1. Symptoms of type 1 diabetes often develop quickly. It’s usually diagnosed in children, teens, and young adults. If you have type 1 diabetes, you’ll need to take insulin every day to survive. Currently, no one knows how to prevent type 1 diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes

With type 2 diabetes, your body doesn’t use insulin well and can’t keep blood sugar at normal levels. About 90-95% of people with diabetes have type 2. It develops over many years and is usually diagnosed in adults (but more and more in children, teens, and young adults). You may not notice any symptoms, so it’s important to get your blood sugar tested if you’re at risk. Type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed with healthy lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, eating healthy food, and being active.

Diabetic Related Blood Tests
1) Blood Glucose Fasting (BGF)

2) HbA1C – Glycated Haemoglobin

3) Lipid Profile Test

  • Total Cholesterol, Serum

  • HDL Cholesterol Direct

  • LDL Cholesterol Direct

  • Triglyceride, Serum

  • VLDL
     

4) Liver Function Tests

  • Albumin, Serum

  • Total Protein, Serum

  • Alkaline Phosphatase, Serum

  • Total Bilirubin, Serum

  • Direct Bilirubin, Serum

  • Indirect Bilirubin, Serum

  • SGOT/AST

  • SGPT/ALT

  • Globulin

  • A/G Ratio
     

5) Complete Hemogram

  • Haemoglobin (Hb%)

  • MCH

  • MCHC

  • MCV

  • Mean Platelet Value (MPV)

  • PCV Haematocrits

  • PDW - Platelet Distribution Width

  • Platelet Count (Thrombocyte Count)

  • WBC - White Blood Cells Count

  • RDW – Red Cell Distribution Width

  • Neutrophils

  • Eosinophils

  • Lymphocytes

  • Monocytes

  • Basophils

  • RDW - CV
     

6) Thyroid Profile Test, Total

  • Total Tri Iodothyronine (T3)

  • Total Thyroxine (T4)

  • Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
     

7) Kidney Function Tests

  • Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Serum

  • Blood Urea, Serum

  • Creatinine, Serum

  • Calcium Total, Serum

  • Chloride, Serum

  • Uric Acid, Serum

  • Sodium, Serum

  • Potassium, Serum

  • Inorganic Phosphorus, Serum
     

8) Urine Routine 

  • pH Urine

  • Specific Gravity

  • Colour

  • Transparency

  • Albumin

  • Sugar

  • Blood

  • Red Blood Cells

  • Pus Cells

  • Epithelial Cells

  • Crystals

  • Cast

  • Bacteria

  • Urobilinogen

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